Perinatal period and morbidity in newborns whose mothers suffered from COVID-19 during pregnancy
Abstract
Introduction. Recently, the whole world has encountered a new virus, SARS-CoV-2, which has claimed millions of lives in a short period of time. The risk group included people over 60 years of age with chronic diseases, malignant neoplasms, obesity, immunodeficiency, as well as pregnant women. The aim of our retrospective study was to assess the impact of new coronavirus infection (NCI) on the characteristics of pregnancy, childbirth, ante- and early neonatal periods, as well as the incidence rate of children during the first year of life, born to infected mothers at different gestational stages. Materials and methods. Taking into account that the pregnant women included in the study were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus at different times, three groups were formed: the first — the infectious process in the first trimester, the second — in the second trimester and the third — in the third trimester. The results of the data obtained indicate that almost every sixth pregnant woman suffered from NCI, and in most cases in a mild form (86%). Of the perinatal risk factors, only the threat of termination of pregnancy in the late stages, and accordingly premature delivery, depended on the severity of the infection and the time of infection. No particular features in the nature and frequency of morbidity of children in the first year of life who had antenatal contact with NCI were found. Although it should be noted that all children were observed by a neurologist with a diagnosis of perinatal central nervous system damage of mixed genesis, rapid delay in speech development. Conclusion. Despite the huge number of publications devoted to the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the health of pregnant women, antenatal and postnatal development of children born to infected women, a number of unresolved issues remain, namely: how does this infection progress in pregnant women, does it really increase the number of complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes, what is the probability of vertical transmission of the virus, is there a dependence on the severity of the infectious process and the gestational age, and what long-term consequences can antenatal contact with the SARS-CoV-2 virus lead to.
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