Diagnosis of pica, avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder, and rumination disorder using the pardi interview
Abstract
Introduction. The new diagnostic category of DSM-5 and ICD-11 “Eating and eating disorders” has included the new diagnostic items: pica — eating of nonnutritive or nonfood substances; avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) — pathological selectivity or restriction of food intake; rumination disorder (RD) — repeated regurgitation of eaten food. These disorders may cause nutrient deficiency, body weight and/or growth, medical problems, disturbances in social life and behavior. There is a lack of methods, especially Russian-language ones, to diagnose these disorders based on modern diagnostic criteria and current concept of etiopathogenesis. Purpose — to develop a Russian-language tool for clinical assessment and severity rating of pica, ARFID and RD in individuals of different ages in general clinical practice. Materials and methods. Translation into Russian and language adaptation of the English-language clinical interview PARDI. Results. A Russian-language interview was obtained for the diagnosis of pica, ARFID, and RD, based on PARDI version for parents of children aged 4 years and older. The interview consists of 100 items, includes sections on screening for other eating disorders, general assessment of development and somatic status, assessment of the eating/feeding pattern, as well as diagnostic questions and severity rating scales for pica, ARFID, and RD. Conclusions. the Russian-language version of the PARDI interview allows for complex assessment of pica, ARFID, and RD, rating of their severity, analysis of the clinical profile of ARFID (manifestations of sensory sensitivity, lack of interest in food or eating, and concern about unpleasant consequences of eating), and also for screening for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge-eating disorder (BED). The items of the interview are based on modern diagnostic criteria. The PARDI interview may be used in clinical practice by doctors of various specialties to diagnose new forms of eating disorders (pica, ARFID, RD).
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