Use of a gastrostomy in children with neurological disorders
ORIGINAL PAPERS
Abstract
Introduction.Children with neurological impairments frequently suffer from feeding difficulties and dysphagia, leading to malnutrition, growth delay, and a high risk of aspiration-related complications. Gastrostomy is considered the most effective long-term enteral access method, yet its clinical outcomes and quality-of-life impact require further evaluation.Aim.To assess the effectiveness of gastrostomy in improving nutritional status, reducing aspiration-related complications, and enhancing quality of life in children with neurological disorders.Materials and methods.A prospective single-center study (Yaroslavl Regional Children’s Hospital, 2022–2024) included 25 pediatric patients with severe neurological conditions, predominantly cerebral palsy (68%). We evaluated changes in anthropometric parameters, rates of aspiration pneumonia, and hospitalization duration before and after gastrostomy placement.Results.At 12 months after gastrostomy, 92% of patients demonstrated significant weight gain (+21.8%), a reduction in severe malnutrition cases, and increased annual height growth in younger children. The frequency of aspiration pneumonia decreased on average from 2.4 to 0.3 episodes per year (p <0.01), and the average length of hospitalization decreased from 28 to 9 days (p <0.05).Conclusion.Gastrostomy represents a safe and effective method of long-term enteral feeding in children with neurological impairments. It improves nutritional status, reduces aspiration risk, and enhances the quality of life for patients and their families.
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