Menstrual cycle disorders in adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) in the absence of compensation has a negative impact on the functioning of the reproductive system of girls. This is due to the negative impact of endogenous insulin deficiency, hyperglycemia and exogenous hyperinsulinemia on the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Altered ovarian function in type 1 diabetes mellitus can be partially caused by a decrease in gonadotropin levels due to increased opioid inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone production under conditions of insulin deficiency. In addition, the state of exogenous hyperinsulinemia in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus can potentially increase the negative effect of insulin on the ovaries, manifested by increased synthesis of androgens with the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome. The presented article is devoted to the influence of the degree of compensation of type 1 diabetes mellitus on the development of menstrual irregularities in adolescent girls. The article analyzes medical records of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with menstrual irregularities. The results of the analysis of the obtained data indicate a direct relationship between the degree of compensation of diabetes mellitus and the function of the reproductive system, which dictates the need for further research in this area in order to preserve the ovarian reserve of girls suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
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