Insulin-like growth factors: their role in pathological processes, diagnosis and therapy of diseases of various etiologies
Abstract
Introduction. The review of literature data summarizes information on the physiological features of somatomedins, their participation in the pathogenesis of pathological conditions, and considers the possibilities of using somatomedins in the diagnostics and therapy. Resulst. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (somatomedins) are single-chain proteins similar in structure to proinsulin. In modern practice, somatomedins are rarely in demand in the diagnosis and therapy of diseases due to little awareness of their effect on many physiological processes. Insulin-like growth factor 1 mediates the action of somatotropic hormone, is involved in gluconeogenesis, protein biosynthesis, lipogenesis, stimulates regeneration, growth and proliferation of cells, including tumor cells, based on the listed effects it’s a diagnostic marker for a number of endocrine disorders, it determines the prognosis of relapse-free cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Previously, it was believed that insulin-like growth factor 2 has a significant effect on the body only during intrauterine development. Further studies have established its role in oncological and psychoneurological diseases, in the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation syndrome and the prognosis of relapse-free survival of cancer patients. Conclusions. Involvement in the development of a number of pathologies and significant influence on a variety of physiological processes determine the expediency and relevance of further study of somatomedins to expand information about their diagnostic significance, as well as to conduct research with a view to their possible use in therapy.
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